Glossary - D
Deictic expressions - refer to the time and/or place of speaking and/or to the participants in the conversation yesterday, tomorrow, here, there, you, me, etc. gisteren, morgen, hier, daar, jij, ik, enz.
Deixis - ‘linguistic pointing’ this man, that girl, that car deze man, dat meisje, die auto
Decoding - if you get a message in code, you have to decode it to get its meaning. Morse code is a good example. Coding and decoding is also thought to be part of semantics.
Descriptive grammar - grammar that describes the rules of a language, rather than prescribe them
Determiner - see Article
Diachronic - dealing with phenomena as they change over time compare: synchronic
Diphthong - a vowel that sounds like a combination of two other vowels, it changes while it is being pronounced the ‘ai’ sound in ‘price’, the ‘oi’ sound in ‘choice’ ‘ei’ in ‘meisje’, ‘ui’ in ‘trui’, ‘au’ in ‘auto’
*Direct object - the thing, person or idea that receives the action of a verb Mary cleaned THE CAR, John gave A BOOK to Mary Marie maakte DE AUTO schoon, John gaf EEN BOEK aan Marie
Discourse deixis - reference to the discourse, the conversation itself, by the speaker Wait until you hear THIS:…. THIS is how he talked…
Distinctive feature - phonemes are built out of distinctive features. The features are the building blocks of phonemes, if you change a feature you get a different phoneme for example: /p t k/ become /b d g/ when they’re voiced (the feature that changed is VOICE)