This focus area aims to develop guidelines for improved off-site manufacturing practice in the pre-cast industry, for components manufactured using different levels of automation.
![2c](https://www.ucl.ac.uk/circular-economy-centre-for-construction-minerals/sites/circular_economy_centre_for_construction_minerals/files/styles/large_image/public/2c.png?itok=DVLI806-)
Description
Modern Methods of Construction (MMC), including on-site assembly of modules manufactured off-site, and additive manufacturing (3D Printing) will form a sizeable portion of the future construction output.
Project 3C, led by Dr Linh Truong at Loughborough University, developed a circularity assessment framework and a classification system for the reuse of building and infrastructure components delivered by Modern Methods of Construction.
The classification system standardises the expected performance related to specific applications of reused building and infrastructure components, similar to what happens with second-hand white goods or cars.