Equilibria of elastic cable knots and links

E.L. Starostin & G.H.M. van der Heijden

We present a theory for equilibria of geometrically exact braids made of two thin, uniform, homogeneous, isotropic, initially-straight, inextensible and unshearable elastic rods of circular cross-section. We formulate a second-order variational problem for an action functional whose Euler-Lagrange equations, partly in Euler-Poincaré form, yield a compact system of ODEs for which we define boundary-value problems for braids closed into knots or links. The purpose of the chapter is to present a pathway of deformations leading to braids with a knotted axis, thereby offering a way to systematically compute elastic cable knots and links. A representative bifurcation diagram and selected numerical solutions illustrate our approach.

keywords: elastic knots and links, cable knots, equilibria, variational problem, bifurcation

in: New Directions in Geometric and Applied Knot Theory, S. Blatt, Ph. Reiter, A. Schikorra (eds) (De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2018), pp. 258-275