2021 Publications

Accelerating development of new shorter TB treatment regimens in anticipation of a resurgence of multi-drug resistant TB due to the COVID-19 pandemic. (2021) Tiberi, S., M. J. Vjecha, A. Zumla, J. Galvin, G. B. Migliori and A. Zumla. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S96-S99 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.067

Aggregated Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances the inflammatory response. (2021) Rodel, H. E., I. Ferreira, C. G. K. Ziegler, Y. Ganga, M. Bernstein, S. H. Hwa, K. Nargan, G. Lustig, G. Kaplan, M. Noursadeghi, A. K. Shalek, A. J. C. Steyn and A. Sigal. Front Microbiol 12: 757134 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.757134

Anaerobe-enriched gut microbiota predicts pro-inflammatory responses in pulmonary tuberculosis. (2021) Naidoo, C. C., G. R. Nyawo, I. Sulaiman, B. G. Wu, C. T. Turner, K. Bu, Z. Palmer, Y. Li, B. W. P. Reeve, S. Moodley, J. G. Jackson, J. Limberis, A. H. Diacon, P. D. van Helden, J. C. Clemente, R. M. Warren, M. Noursadeghi, L. N. Segal and G. Theron. EBioMedicine 67: 103374 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103374

Antiretroviral treatment-induced decrease in immune activation contributes to reduced susceptibility to tuberculosis in HIV-1/Mtb co-infected persons. (2021) Wilkinson, K. A., D. Schneider-Luftman, R. Lai, C. Barrington, N. Jhilmeet, D. M. Lowe, G. Kelly and R. J. Wilkinson. Front Immunol 12: 645446 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.645446

Application of bacteriophages for mycobacterial infections, from diagnosis to treatment. (2021) Shield, C. G., B. M. C. Swift, T. D. McHugh, R. M. Dedrick, G. F. Hatfull and G. Satta. Microorganisms 9(11) https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112366

Association of vitamin D pathway genes polymorphisms with pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibility in a Chinese population. (2021) Zhang, T. P., S. S. Chen, G. Y. Zhang, S. J. Shi, L. Wei and H. M. Li. Genes Nutr 16(1): 6 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12263-021-00687-3

Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine and potential cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection - Assumptions, knowns, unknowns and need for developing an accurate scientific evidence base. (2021) Nachega, J. B., M. Maeurer, N. A. Sam-Agudu, J. Chakaya, P. D. M. Katoto and A. Zumla. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S78-S81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.060

Bacterial growth dynamics and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of rifampicin and bedaquiline in BALB/c mice. (2021) Muliaditan, M. and O. Della Pasqua. Br J Pharmacol https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15688

Barriers and enablers to implementing tuberculosis control strategies in EU and European Economic Area countries: a systematic review. (2021) Conroy, O., F. Wurie, S. M. Collin, M. Edmunds, G. de Vries, K. Lonnroth, I. Abubakar, S. R. Anderson and D. Zenner. Lancet Infect Dis 21(9): e272-e280 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00077-3

Bilateral optic neuritis as a first presentation of lymph node tuberculosis. (2021) Keshavan, A., L. McAnena, J. F. Acheson, H. Booth, G. T. Plant and Z. Khaleeli. Pract Neurol https://doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2021-003086

The blood neutrophil count after 1 month of treatment predicts the radiologic severity of lung disease at treatment end. (2021) Jones, T. P. W., S. Dabbaj, I. Mandal, J. Cleverley, C. Cash, M. C. I. Lipman and D. M. Lowe. Chest 160(6): 2030-2041 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2021.07.041

Blood transcriptomic biomarkers for tuberculosis screening: time to redefine our target populations? (2021) Kumar Gupta, R. and M. Noursadeghi. Lancet Glob Health 9(6): e736-e737 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00088-7

Boundaries of solidarity: a meta-ethnography of mask use during past epidemics to inform SARS-CoV-2 suppression. (2021) Tsang, P. M. and A. Prost. BMJ Glob Health 6(1) https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004068

A case report of transmission and disease caused by Mycobacterium caprae and Mycobacterium bovis in Lima, Peru. (2021) Shrestha, A., J. Picoy, A. Torres, D. A. Moore, R. H. Gilman, J. Coronel and L. Grandjean. BMC Infect Dis 21(1): 1265 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06944-5

Challenges in defining the functional, non-coding, expressed genome of members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. (2021) Stiens, J., K. B. Arnvig, S. L. Kendall and I. Nobeli. Mol Microbiol https://doi.org/10.1111/mmi.14862

Challenges in recruiting children to a multidrug-resistant TB prevention trial. (2021) Purchase, S., E. Batist, N. Mmile, S. Nkosi, J. Workman, N. Martinson, L. Fairlie, H. S. Schaaf, L. Choo, C. McGowan, A. M. Crook, J. A. Seddon and A. C. Hesseling. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 25(10): 814-822 https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.21.0098

Characterization of the MurT/GatD complex in Mycobacterium tuberculosis towards validating a novel anti-tubercular drug target. (2021) Maitra, A., S. Nukala, R. Dickman, L. T. Martin, T. Munshi, A. Gupta, A. J. Shepherd, K. B. Arnvig, A. B. Tabor, N. H. Keep and S. Bhakta. JAC Antimicrob Resist 3(1): dlab028 https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlab028

Clinical and imaging features of adults with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis - a prospective case-controlled study. (2021) Nagu, T. J., M. A. Mboka, Z. F. Nkrumbih, G. Shayo, M. M. Mizinduko, E. V. Komba, M. Maeurer, A. Zumla and F. Mugusi. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S33-S39 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.01.071

A cluster-randomized controlled trial to improve the quality of integrated HIV-tuberculosis services in primary healthcareclinics in South Africa. (2021) Gengiah, S., P. M. Barker, N. Yende-Zuma, M. Mbatha, S. Naidoo, M. Taylor, M. Loveday, M. Mhlongo, C. Jackson, A. J. Nunn, N. Padayatchi, S. S. A. Karim and K. Naidoo. J Int AIDS Soc 24(9): e25803 https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25803

Collaborative ocular tuberculosis study consensus guidelines on the management of tubercular uveitis-report 1: Guidelines for initiating antitubercular therapy in tubercular choroiditis. (2021) Agrawal, R., I. Testi, S. Mahajan, Y. S. Yuen, A. Agarwal, O. M. Kon, T. Barisani-Asenbauer, J. H. Kempen, A. Gupta, D. A. Jabs, J. R. Smith, Q. D. Nguyen, C. Pavesio, V. Gupta and G. Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study Consensus. Ophthalmology 128(2): 266-276 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.01.008

Collaborative ocular tuberculosis study consensus guidelines on the management of tubercular uveitis-report 2: Guidelines for initiating antitubercular therapy in anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, panuveitis, and retinal vasculitis. (2021) Agrawal, R., I. Testi, B. Bodaghi, T. Barisani-Asenbauer, P. McCluskey, A. Agarwal, J. H. Kempen, A. Gupta, J. R. Smith, M. D. de Smet, Y. S. Yuen, S. Mahajan, O. M. Kon, Q. D. Nguyen, C. Pavesio, V. Gupta and G. Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study Consensus. Ophthalmology 128(2): 277-287 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.06.052

Community transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is associated with activity space overlap in Lima, Peru. (2021) Bui, D. P., S. S. Chandran, E. Oren, H. E. Brown, R. B. Harris, G. M. Knight and L. Grandjean. BMC Infect Dis 21(1): 275 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05953-8

A comparison of methods for analyzing a binary composite endpoint with partially observed components in randomized controlled trials. (2021) Pham, T. M., I. R. White, B. C. Kahan, T. P. Morris, S. J. Stanworth and G. Forbes. Stat Med 40(29): 6634-6650 https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.9203

A comparison of vitamin D and cathelicidin (LL-37) levels between patients with active TB and their healthy contacts in a high HIV prevalence setting: a prospective descriptive study. (2021) Lungu, P. S., W. Kilembe, S. Lakhi, T. Sukwa, E. Njelesani, A. I. Zumla and P. Mwaba. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trab126

Computer-aided interpretation of chest radiography reveals the spectrum of tuberculosis in rural South Africa. (2021) Fehr, J., S. Konigorski, S. Olivier, R. Gunda, A. Surujdeen, D. Gareta, T. Smit, K. Baisley, S. Moodley, Y. Moosa, W. Hanekom, O. Koole, T. Ndung'u, D. Pillay, A. D. Grant, M. J. Siedner, C. Lippert, E. B. Wong and T. Vukuzazi. NPJ Digit Med 4(1): 106 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00471-y

Conformational flexibility of a highly conserved helix controls cryptic pocket formation in FtsZ. (2021) Alnami, A., R. S. Norton, H. P. Pena, S. Haider and F. Kozielski. J Mol Biol 433(15): 167061 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167061

Convergence of infectious and non-communicable disease epidemics in rural South Africa: a cross-sectional, population-based multimorbidity study. (2021) Wong, E. B., S. Olivier, R. Gunda, O. Koole, A. Surujdeen, D. Gareta, D. Munatsi, T. H. Modise, J. Dreyer, S. Nxumalo, T. K. Smit, G. Ording-Jespersen, I. B. Mpofana, K. Khan, Z. E. L. Sikhosana, S. Moodley, Y. J. Shen, T. Khoza, N. Mhlongo, S. Bucibo, K. Nyamande, K. J. Baisley, D. Cuadros, F. Tanser, A. D. Grant, K. Herbst, J. Seeley, W. A. Hanekom, T. Ndung'u, M. J. Siedner, D. Pillay and T. Vukuzazi. Lancet Glob Health 9(7): e967-e976 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00176-5

Cost-effectiveness of a novel lipoarabinomannan test for tuberculosis in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. (2021) Reddy, K. P., C. M. Denkinger, T. Broger, N. C. McCann, A. Gupta-Wright, A. D. Kerkhoff, P. P. Pei, F. M. Shebl, K. L. Fielding, M. P. Nicol, C. R. Horsburgh, G. Meintjes, K. A. Freedberg, R. Wood and R. P. Walensky. Clin Infect Dis 73(7): e2077-e2085 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1698

Defeating paediatric tuberculous meningitis: Applying the WHO "Defeating meningitis by 2030: Global Roadmap". (2021) Basu Roy, R., S. Bakeera-Kitaka, C. Chabala, D. M. Gibb, J. Huynh, H. Mujuru, N. Sankhyan, J. A. Seddon, S. Sharma, V. Singh, E. Wobudeya and S. T. Anderson. Microorganisms 9(4) https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040857

Delayed diagnosis of tuberculosis in persons living with HIV in Eastern Europe: associated factors and effect on mortality-a multicentre prospective cohort study. (2021) Kraef, C., A. Bentzon, A. Panteleev, A. Skrahina, N. Bolokadze, S. Tetradov, R. Podlasin, I. Karpov, E. Borodulina, E. Denisova, I. Azina, J. Lundgren, I. S. Johansen, A. Mocroft, D. Podlekareva, O. Kirk and T. B. H. I. V. S. Group. BMC Infect Dis 21(1): 1038 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06745-w

Detecting tuberculosis in prisons: Switching off the disease at its source. (2021) Woodman, M. and L. Grandjean. Clin Infect Dis 72(5): 778-779 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa139

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA in CD34-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells of asymptomatic tuberculosis contacts: an observational study. (2021) Belay, M., B. Tulu, S. Younis, D. A. Jolliffe, D. Tayachew, H. Manwandu, T. Abozen, E. A. Tirfie, M. Tegegn, A. Zewude, S. Forrest, J. Mayito, J. F. Huggett, G. M. Jones, D. M. O'Sullivan, H. M. Martineau, M. Noursadeghi, A. Chandran, K. A. Harris, V. Nikolayevskyy, J. Demaret, S. Berg, M. Vordermeier, T. T. Balcha, A. Aseffa, G. Ameni, M. Abebe, S. T. Reece and A. R. Martineau. Lancet Microbe 2(6): e267-e275 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00043-4

Diagnosing tuberculosis in people with advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus: More is needed. (2021) Burke, R. M. and A. Gupta Wright. Clin Infect Dis 73(4): e878-e879 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab184

The diagnostic performance of novel skin-based in-vivo tests for tuberculosis infection compared with purified protein derivative tuberculin skin tests and blood-based in vitro interferon-gamma release assays: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021) Krutikov, M., L. Faust, V. Nikolayevskyy, Y. Hamada, R. K. Gupta, D. Cirillo, A. Mateelli, A. Korobitsyn, C. M. Denkinger and M. X. Rangaka. Lancet Infect Dis https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00261-9

Diagnostic pitfalls of urogenital tuberculosis. (2021) Chandran, S., A. Rahman, J. M. Norris, S. Tiberi and H. Kunst. Trop Med Int Health 26(7): 753-759 https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13583

Early empirical tuberculosis treatment in HIV-positive patients admitted to hospital in South Africa: An observational cohort study. (2021) Bresges, C., D. Wilson, K. Fielding, E. L. Corbett, F. Del-Greco, D. Grint, J. Peters and A. Gupta-Wright. Open Forum Infect Dis 8(7): ofab162 https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab162

Early or deferred initiation of efavirenz during rifampicin-based TB therapy has no significant effect on CYP3A induction in TB-HIV infected patients. (2021) Aklillu, E., A. Zumla, A. Habtewold, W. Amogne, E. Makonnen, G. Yimer, J. Burhenne and U. Diczfalusy. Br J Pharmacol 178(16): 3294-3308 https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15309

Effectiveness and outcomes of air travel-related TB incident follow-up: a systematic review. (2021) Maynard-Smith, L., C. S. Brown, R. J. Harris, P. Hodkinson, S. Tamne, S. R. Anderson and D. Zenner. Eur Respir J 57(5) https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00013-2020

Effectiveness of GenoType MTBDRsl in excluding TB drug resistance in a clinical trial. (2021) Ejo, M., A. Van Deun, A. Nunn, S. Meredith, S. Ahmed, D. Dalai, O. Tumenbayar, B. Tsogt, P. T. Dat, D. T. M. Ha, P. T. Hang, D. Kokebu, M. Teferi, T. Mebrahtu, N. Ngubane, R. Moodliar, L. Duckworth, F. Conradie, E. Enduwamahoro, J. Keysers, P. De Rijk, W. Mulders, E. Diro, L. Rigouts, B. C. de Jong and G. Torrea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 25(10): 839-845 https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.21.0212

Effectiveness of spatially targeted interventions for control of HIV, tuberculosis, leprosy and malaria: a systematic review. (2021) Khundi, M., J. R. Carpenter, M. Nliwasa, T. Cohen, E. L. Corbett and P. MacPherson. BMJ Open 11(7): e044715 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044715

Eosinophils are part of the granulocyte response in tuberculosis and promote host resistance in mice. (2021) Bohrer, A. C., E. Castro, Z. Hu, A. T. L. Queiroz, C. E. Tocheny, M. Assmann, S. Sakai, C. Nelson, P. J. Baker, H. Ma, L. Wang, W. Zilu, E. du Bruyn, C. Riou, K. D. Kauffman, P. Tuberculosis Imaging, I. N. Moore, F. Del Nonno, L. Petrone, D. Goletti, A. R. Martineau, D. M. Lowe, M. R. Cronan, R. J. Wilkinson, C. E. Barry, L. E. Via, D. L. Barber, A. D. Klion, B. B. Andrade, Y. Song, K. W. Wong and K. D. Mayer-Barber. J Exp Med 218(10) https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20210469

Epidemiological profile of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Congolese patients. (2021) Elion Assiana, D. O., J. Abdul, L. S. G. Linguissi, M. Epola, J. C. Vouvoungui, A. Mabiala, C. M. Biyogho, J. Ronald Edoa, B. R. Adegbite, A. A. Adegnika, L. Elton, J. O. Canseco, T. D. McHugh, G. Ahombo and F. Ntoumi. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 20(1): 84 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-021-00488-x

Evaluating the bovine tuberculosis eradication mechanism and its risk factors in England's cattle farms. (2021) Sedighi, T. and L. Varga. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18(7) https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073451

Evaluation of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships and selection of drug combinations for tuberculosis. (2021) Muliaditan, M. and O. Della Pasqua. Br J Clin Pharmacol 87(1): 140-151 https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14371

Exaggerated IL-17A activity in human in vivo recall responses discriminates active tuberculosis from latent infection and cured disease. (2021) Pollara, G., C. T. Turner, J. Rosenheim, A. Chandran, L. C. K. Bell, A. Khan, A. Patel, L. F. Peralta, A. Folino, A. Akarca, C. Venturini, T. Baker, S. Ecker, F. L. M. Ricciardolo, T. Marafioti, C. Ugarte-Gil, D. A. J. Moore, B. M. Chain, G. S. Tomlinson and M. Noursadeghi. Sci Transl Med 13(592) https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abg7673

Exploring a combined biomarker for tuberculosis treatment response: protocol for a prospective observational cohort study. (2021) Kloprogge, F., I. Abubakar, H. Esmail, V. Hack, H. Kunst, T. D. McHugh, M. Noursadeghi, J. Surey, S. Tiberi and M. Lipman. BMJ Open 11(7): e052885 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052885

Exploring the perspectives of members of international tuberculosis control and research networks on the impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis services: a cross sectional survey. (2021) Nkereuwem, O., E. Nkereuwem, A. Fiogbe, E. E. Usoroh, A. K. Sillah, O. Owolabi, M. Tebruegge, A. Badjan, B. Kampmann and T. Togun. BMC Health Serv Res 21(1): 798 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06852-z

Framework for the evaluation of new tests for tuberculosis infection. (2021) Hamada, Y., S. den Boon, D. M. Cirillo, A. Penn-Nicholson, M. Ruhwald, D. Menzies, O. Oxlade, D. Falzon, A. Kanchar, A. Korobitsyn, M. Zignol, A. Matteelli and T. Kasaeva. Eur Respir J 58(2) https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.04078-2020

From easing lockdowns to scaling up community-based coronavirus disease 2019 screening, testing, and contact tracing in Africa-shared approaches, innovations, and challenges to minimize morbidity and mortality. (2021) Nachega, J. B., A. Grimwood, H. Mahomed, G. Fatti, W. Preiser, O. Kallay, P. K. Mbala, J. T. Muyembe, E. Rwagasore, S. Nsanzimana, D. Ngamije, J. Condo, M. Sidat, E. V. Noormahomed, M. Reid, B. Lukeni, F. Suleman, A. Mteta and A. Zumla. Clin Infect Dis 72(2): 327-331 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa695

Genomic signatures of pre-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2021) Torres Ortiz, A., J. Coronel, J. R. Vidal, C. Bonilla, D. A. J. Moore, R. H. Gilman, F. Balloux, O. M. Kon, X. Didelot and L. Grandjean. Nat Commun 12(1): 7312 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27616-7

Global Tuberculosis Report 2020 - Reflections on the Global TB burden, treatment and prevention efforts. (2021) Chakaya, J., M. Khan, F. Ntoumi, E. Aklillu, R. Fatima, P. Mwaba, N. Kapata, S. Mfinanga, S. E. Hasnain, P. Katoto, A. N. H. Bulabula, N. A. Sam-Agudu, J. B. Nachega, S. Tiberi, T. D. McHugh, I. Abubakar and A. Zumla. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S7-S12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.107

Healthcare delivery for HIV-positive people with tuberculosis in Europe. (2021) Bentzon, A. K., A. Panteleev, V. Mitsura, E. Borodulina, A. Skrahina, E. Denisova, S. Tetradov, R. Podlasin, V. Riekstina, Z. Kancauskiene, D. Paduto, A. Mocroft, T. Trofimova, R. Miller, F. Post, A. Grezesczuk, J. D. Lundgren, M. Inglot, D. Podlekareva, N. Bolokadze, O. Kirk and T. H. S. Group. HIV Med 22(4): 283-293 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13016

The historical evolution of ocular tuberculosis: past, present, and future. (2021) Betzler, B. K., D. V. Gunasekeran, J. Kempen, J. R. Smith, P. McCluskey, Q. D. Nguyen, C. Pavesio, V. Gupta and R. Agrawal. Ocul Immunol Inflamm: 1-7 https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2021.1992446

Human reading versus computer-automated reading of chest radiographs in a tuberculosis screening programme in Romania. (2021) de Vries, G., D. Gainaru, S. Keizer, B. Mahler, I. Radulescu, M. Zamfirescu and I. Abubakar. Eur Respir J 58(1) https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.04628-2020

Identification of reduced host transcriptomic signatures for tuberculosis disease and digital PCR-based validation and quantification. (2021) Gliddon, H. D., M. Kaforou, M. Alikian, D. Habgood-Coote, C. Zhou, T. Oni, S. T. Anderson, A. J. Brent, A. C. Crampin, B. Eley, R. Heyderman, F. Kern, P. R. Langford, T. H. M. Ottenhoff, M. L. Hibberd, N. French, V. J. Wright, H. M. Dockrell, L. J. Coin, R. J. Wilkinson and M. Levin. Front Immunol 12: 637164 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.637164

The impact and burden of neurological sequelae following bacterial meningitis: A narrative review. (2021) Schiess, N., N. E. Groce and T. Dua. Microorganisms 9(5) https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050900

The impact of COVID-19 on global tuberculosis control. (2021) Lipman, M., C. F. McQuaid, I. Abubakar, M. Khan, K. Kranzer, T. D. McHugh, C. Padmapriyadarsini, M. X. Rangaka and N. Stoker. Indian J Med Res 153(4): 404-408 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_326_21

Implementing and evaluating standardised tuberculosis incident management for nonhousehold contacts in a large clinical network. (2021) Patterson, B., N. Boparai, J. Dekoningh, S. Anaraki, J. White and M. Lipman. ERJ Open Res 7(3) https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00270-2021

The importance of systematic data collection, monitoring and evaluation of tuberculosis screening programmes of migrants arriving in low-incidence countries. (2021) de Vries, G., J. V. D. Boogaard and I. Abubakar. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 10: 100154 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100154

Improved treatment completion for tuberculosis patients: The case for a dedicated social care team. (2021) Izzard, A., S. Wilders, C. Smith, M. Wickers, T. Hart, J. Dos Santos, H. Booth, D. Creer, I. Cropley, S. Lozewicz, J. White and M. Lipman. J Infect 82(3): e1-e3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.12.019

Improving lung health in low-income and middle-income countries: from challenges to solutions. (2021) Meghji, J., K. Mortimer, A. Agusti, B. W. Allwood, I. Asher, E. D. Bateman, K. Bissell, C. E. Bolton, A. Bush, B. Celli, C. Y. Chiang, A. A. Cruz, A. T. Dinh-Xuan, A. El Sony, K. M. Fong, P. I. Fujiwara, M. Gaga, L. Garcia-Marcos, D. M. G. Halpin, J. R. Hurst, S. Jayasooriya, A. Kumar, M. V. Lopez-Varela, R. Masekela, B. H. Mbatchou Ngahane, M. Montes de Oca, N. Pearce, H. K. Reddel, S. Salvi, S. J. Singh, C. Varghese, C. F. Vogelmeier, P. Walker, H. J. Zar and G. B. Marks. Lancet 397(10277): 928-940 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00458-X

Improving the drug development pipeline for mycobacteria: Modelling antibiotic exposure in the hollow fibre infection model. (2021) Maitra, A., P. Solanki, Z. Sadouki, T. D. McHugh and F. Kloprogge. Antibiotics (Basel) 10(12) https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121515

Integrated transcriptomic analysis of human tuberculosis granulomas and a biomimetic model identifies therapeutic targets. (2021) Reichmann, M. T., L. B. Tezera, A. F. Vallejo, M. Vukmirovic, R. Xiao, J. Reynolds, S. Jogai, S. Wilson, B. Marshall, M. G. Jones, A. Leslie, J. M. D'Armiento, N. Kaminski, M. E. Polak and P. Elkington. J Clin Invest 131(15) https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI148136

Interferon-gamma release assays differentiate between Mycobacterium avium complex and tuberculous lymphadenitis in children. (2021) Martinez-Planas, A., F. Baquero-Artigao, B. Santiago, C. Fortuny, A. Mendez-Echevarria, T. Del Rosal, M. Bustillo-Alonso, I. Gale, C. Guerrero, D. Blazquez-Gamero, A. Canet, M. Lillo, O. Calavia, E. Nunez Cuadros, L. Falcon-Neyra, A. Soriano-Arandes, J. Van Ingen, M. Tebruegge, A. Noguera-Julian, T. B. R. N. Spanish Pediatric and S. M. L. i. c. S. the European Nontuberculou. J Pediatr 236: 211-218 e212 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.05.008

Intravesical chemohyperthermia vs. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation for intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021) Zhao, H., V. W. Chan, D. Castellani, E. O. Chan, W. L. K. Ong, Q. Peng, M. Moschini, W. Krajewski, B. Pradere, C. F. Ng, D. Enikeev, N. Vasdev, G. Ekin, A. Sousa, J. Leon, F. Guerrero-Ramos, W. S. Tan, J. Kelly, S. F. Shariat, J. A. Witjes and J. Y. Teoh. Front Surg 8: 775527 https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2021.775527

Is delay to radical cystectomy following BCG failure oncologically safe? (2021) Tan, W. S. and J. D. Kelly. Nat Rev Urol 18(6): 323-324 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-021-00457-1

Isoniazid preventive therapy plus antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. (2021) Ross, J. M., A. Badje, M. X. Rangaka, A. S. Walker, A. E. Shapiro, K. K. Thomas, X. Anglaret, S. Eholie, D. Gabillard, A. Boulle, G. Maartens, R. J. Wilkinson, N. Ford, J. E. Golub, B. G. Williams and R. V. Barnabas. Lancet HIV 8(1): e8-e15 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30299-X

Measuring and reporting treatment adherence: What can we learn by comparing two respiratory conditions? (2021) Tibble, H., M. Flook, A. Sheikh, A. Tsanas, R. Horne, B. Vrijens, S. De Geest and H. R. Stagg. Br J Clin Pharmacol 87(3): 825-836 https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14458

Minimizing the impact of the triple burden of COVID-19, tuberculosis and HIV on health services in sub-Saharan Africa. (2021) Nachega, J. B., N. Kapata, N. A. Sam-Agudu, E. H. Decloedt, P. Katoto, T. Nagu, P. Mwaba, D. Yeboah-Manu, P. Chanda-Kapata, F. Ntoumi, E. H. Geng and A. Zumla. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S16-S21 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.038

MR1-restricted MAIT cells from the human lung mucosal surface have distinct phenotypic, functional, and transcriptomic features that are preserved in HIV infection. (2021) Khuzwayo, S., M. Mthembu, E. W. Meermeier, S. M. Prakadan, S. W. Kazer, T. Bassett, K. Nyamande, D. F. Khan, P. Maharaj, M. Mitha, M. Suleman, Z. Mhlane, D. Ramjit, F. Karim, A. K. Shalek, D. M. Lewinsohn, T. Ndung'u and E. B. Wong. Front Immunol 12: 631410 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.631410

Music and dance in respiratory disease management in Uganda: A qualitative study of patient and healthcare professional perspectives. (2021) Philip, K. E., L. L. Cartwright, D. Westlake, G. Nyakoojo, I. Kimuli, B. Kirenga, E. A. Brakema, M. W. Orme, D. Fancourt, N. S. Hopkinson, R. Jones and W. Katagira. BMJ Open 11(9): e053189 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053189

Mycobacterial membrane protein large 3 (Mmpl3) inhibitors: A promising approach to combat tuberculosis. (2021) Umare, M. D., P. B. Khedekar and R. V. Chikhale. ChemMedChem 16(20): 3136-3148 https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202100359

Mycobacterium abscessus in cystic fibrosis. (2021) Brugha, R. and H. Spencer. Science 372(6541): 465-466 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi5695

Mycobacterium enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA): A key target for antitubercular drug discovery. (2021) Prasad, M. S., R. P. Bhole, P. B. Khedekar and R. V. Chikhale. Bioorg Chem 115: 105242 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105242

Mycobacterium ulcerans-specific immune response after immunisation with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. (2021) Pittet, L. F., M. Tebruegge, B. Dutta, S. Donath, N. Messina, D. Casalaz, W. A. Hanekom, W. J. Britton, R. Robins-Browne, N. Curtis, N. Ritz and B. C. G. I. R. S. group. Vaccine 39(4): 652-657 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.11.045

The need for protecting and enhancing TB health policies and services for forcibly displaced and migrant populations during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. (2021) Knipper, M., A. C. Sedas, S. Keshavjee, A. Abbara, N. Almhawish, H. Alashawi, L. Lecca, M. Wilson, A. Zumla, I. Abubakar and M. Orcutt. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S22-S27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.047

New insights into the limitations of host transcriptional biomarkers of tuberculosis. (2021) Noursadeghi, M. and R. K. Gupta. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 204(12): 1363-1365 https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202109-2146ED

NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial infection. (2021) Mahla, R. S., A. Kumar, H. J. Tutill, S. T. Krishnaji, B. Sathyamoorthy, M. Noursadeghi, J. Breuer, A. K. Pandey and H. Kumar. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 126: 102046 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2020.102046

No implication of HIV coinfection on the plasma exposure to rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in tuberculosis patients. (2021) Nardotto, G. H. B., V. R. Bollela, A. Rocha, O. Della Pasqua and V. L. Lanchote. Clin Transl Sci https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.13169

Non tuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease: patients and clinicians working together to improve the evidence base for care. (2021) Lipman, M., H. Kunst, M. R. Loebinger, H. J. Milburn and M. King. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S73-S77 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.064

Novel C-3-(N-alkyl-aryl)-aminomethyl rifamycin SV derivatives exhibit activity against rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis RpoBS522L strain and display a different binding mode at the RNAP beta-subunit site compared to rifampicin. (2021) Zloh, M., M. Gupta, T. Parish and F. Brucoli. Eur J Med Chem 225: 113734 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113734

An open label, randomised controlled trial of rifapentine versus rifampicin based short course regimens for the treatment of latent tuberculosis in England: the HALT LTBI pilot study. (2021) Surey, J., H. R. Stagg, T. A. Yates, M. Lipman, P. J. White, A. Charlett, L. Munoz, L. Gosce, M. X. Rangaka, M. Francis, V. Hack, H. Kunst and I. Abubakar. BMC Infect Dis 21(1): 90 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05766-9

Optima TB: A tool to help optimally allocate tuberculosis spending. (2021) Gosce, L., G. J. Abou Jaoude, D. J. Kedziora, C. Benedikt, A. Hussain, S. Jarvis, A. Skrahina, D. Klimuk, H. Hurevich, F. Zhao, N. Fraser-Hurt, N. Cheikh, M. Gorgens, D. J. Wilson, R. Abeysuriya, R. Martin-Hughes, S. L. Kelly, A. Roberts, R. M. Stuart, T. Palmer, J. Panovska-Griffiths, C. C. Kerr, D. P. Wilson, H. Haghparast-Bidgoli, J. Skordis and I. Abubakar. PLoS Comput Biol 17(9): e1009255 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009255

Organizational contextual factors that predict success of a quality improvement collaborative approach to enhance integrated HIV-tuberculosis services: a sub-study of the Scaling up TB/HIV Integration trial. (2021) Gengiah, S., C. Connolly, N. Yende-Zuma, P. M. Barker, A. J. Nunn, N. Padayatchi, M. Taylor, M. Loveday and K. Naidoo. Implement Sci 16(1): 88 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-021-01155-7

Performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assays in children and adolescents at risk of tuberculosis: a cross-sectional multicentre study. (2021) Soler-Garcia, A., A. Gamell, T. Perez-Porcuna, A. Soriano-Arandes, B. Santiago, T. Tortola, M. J. Ruiz-Serrano, J. J. Korta Murua, M. Bustillo-Alonso, M. I. Garrote-Llanos, P. Rodriguez-Molino, A. I. Piqueras, A. Tagarro, M. Monsonis, M. Tebruegge, A. Noguera-Julian and Q. F.-P. S. G. o. t. S. P. T. R. Network. Thorax https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217592

Pharmacokinetics of first-line drugs in children with tuberculosis using WHO-recommended weight band doses and formulations. (2021) Chabala, C., A. Turkova, A. C. Hesseling, K. M. Zimba, M. van der Zalm, M. Kapasa, M. Palmer, M. Chirehwa, L. Wiesner, E. Wobudeya, A. Kinikar, V. Mave, S. Hissar, L. Choo, K. LeBeau, V. Mulenga, R. Aarnoutse, D. Gibb and H. McIlleron. Clin Infect Dis https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab725

Phase I trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of candidate TB vaccine MVA85A, delivered by aerosol to healthy M.tb-infected adults. (2021) Riste, M., J. L. Marshall, I. Satti, S. A. Harris, M. Wilkie, R. Lopez Ramon, D. Wright, R. E. Wittenberg, S. Vermaak, R. Powell Doherty, A. Lawrie, C. P. Conlon, C. Cosgrove, F. Gleeson, M. Lipman, P. Moss, F. Perrin, M. Dedicoat, H. Bettinson and H. McShane. Vaccines (Basel) 9(4) https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040396

Plasma host protein biomarkers correlating with increasing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection activity prior to tuberculosis diagnosis in people living with HIV. (2021) Singer, S. N., O. C. Ndumnego, R. S. Kim, T. Ndung'u, K. Anastos, A. French, G. Churchyard, E. Paramithiothis, V. O. Kasprowicz and J. M. Achkar. EBioMedicine 75: 103787 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103787

Plasma pharmacokinetics of high-dose oral versus intravenous rifampicin in patients with tuberculous meningitis: A randomized controlled trial. (2021) Wasserman, S., A. Davis, C. Stek, M. Chirehwa, S. Botha, R. Daroowala, M. Bremer, M. Maxebengula, S. Koekemoer, R. Goliath, A. Jackson, T. Crede, J. Naude, P. Szymanski, Y. Vallie, M. S. Moosa, L. Wiesner, J. Black, G. Meintjes, G. Maartens and R. J. Wilkinson. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 65(8): e0014021 https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00140-21

Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of investigational regimens' drugs in the TB-PRACTECAL clinical trial (the PRACTECAL-PKPD study): a prospective nested study protocol in a randomised controlled trial. (2021) Nyang'wa, B. T., F. Kloprogge, D. A. J. Moore, A. Bustinduy, I. Motta, C. Berry and G. R. Davies. BMJ Open 11(9): e047185 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047185

Post-mortem examination of hospital inpatient COVID-19 deaths in Lusaka, Zambia - A descriptive whole-body autopsy series. (2021) Himwaze, C. M., V. Telendiy, F. Maate, S. Mupeta, C. Chitalu, D. Chanda, P. Julius, C. Mumba, C. Marimo, A. Hamukale, L. Mulenga, A. L. Shibemba, A. Zumla and L. A. Mucheleng'anga. Int J Infect Dis 108: 363-369 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.06.013

Pretomanid with bedaquiline and linezolid for drug-resistant TB: a comparison of prospective cohorts. (2021) Oelofse, S., A. Esmail, A. H. Diacon, F. Conradie, O. Olayanju, N. Ngubane, P. Howell, D. Everitt, A. M. Crook, C. M. Mendel, G. H. Wills, M. Olugbosi, A. Del Parigi, E. Sun, A. Calatroni, M. Spigelman and K. Dheda. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 25(6): 453-460 https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.21.0035

Prevalence and determinants of inappropriate antibiotic dispensing at private drug retail outlets in urban and rural areas of Indonesia: a mixed methods study. (2021) Wulandari, L. P. L., M. Khan, M. Liverani, A. Ferdiana, Y. A. Mashuri, A. Probandari, T. Wibawa, N. Batura, G. Schierhout, J. Kaldor, R. Guy, M. Law, R. Day, J. Hanefeld, H. Parathon, S. Jan, S. Yeung and V. Wiseman. BMJ Glob Health 6(8) https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-004993

Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum and reported symptoms among clinic attendees compared to a community survey in rural South Africa. (2021) Govender, I., A. S. Karat, S. Olivier, K. Baisley, P. Beckwith, N. Dayi, J. Dreyer, D. Gareta, R. Gunda, K. Kielmann, O. Koole, N. Mhlongo, T. Modise, S. Moodley, X. Mpofana, T. Ndung'u, D. Pillay, M. J. Siedner, T. Smit, A. Surujdeen, E. B. Wong, A. D. Grant, t. Umoya omuhle and t. Vukuzazi study. Clin Infect Dis https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab970

Preventing tuberculosis in paediatric kidney transplant recipients: is there a role for BCG immunisation pre-transplantation in low tuberculosis incidence countries? (2021) Bamford, A., G. Dixon, N. Klein, S. D. Marks, N. Ritz, S. B. Welch and M. Tebruegge. Pediatr Nephrol 36(10): 3023-3031 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-020-04844-5

Profiling and identification of novel rpoB mutations in rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Pakistan. (2021) Qadir, M., S. Tahseen, T. D. McHugh, A. Hussain, F. Masood, N. Ahmed and R. Faryal. J Infect Chemother 27(11): 1578-1583 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2021.06.020

A quality improvement intervention to inform scale-up of integrated HIV-TB services: Lessons learned from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. (2021) Gengiah, S., K. Naidoo, R. Mlobeli, M. F. Tshabalala, A. J. Nunn, N. Padayatchi, N. Yende-Zuma, M. Taylor, P. M. Barker and M. Loveday. Glob Health Sci Pract 9(3): 444-458 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00157

QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay specificity in children and adolescents with suspected tuberculosis-a multicenter cross-sectional study in Spain. (2021) Soler-Garcia, A., A. Gamell, B. Santiago, M. Monsonis, E. Cobo-Vazquez, M. Bustillo-Alonso, A. Tagarro, B. Perez-Gorricho, M. Espiau, A. I. Piqueras, J. J. Korta-Murua, P. Rodriguez-Molino, Z. Lobato, T. Perez-Porcuna, M. Tebruegge, A. Noguera-Julian and Q. F.-P. S. G. o. t. S. P. T. R. Network. Pediatr Infect Dis J 40(9): e348-e351 https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003173

A rapid drug resistance genotyping workflow for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using targeted isothermal amplification and nanopore sequencing. (2021) Gliddon, H. D., D. Frampton, V. Munsamy, J. Heaney, T. Pataillot-Meakin, E. Nastouli, A. S. Pym, A. J. C. Steyn, D. Pillay and R. A. McKendry. Microbiol Spectr 9(3): e0061021 https://doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00610-21

Recovering from the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and accelerating to achieving the United Nations General Assembly tuberculosis targets. (2021) Sahu, S., L. Ditiu, K. S. Sachdeva and A. Zumla. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S100-S103 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.078

Reducing the risk of tuberculosis transmission for HCWs in high incidence settings. (2021) Paleckyte, A., O. Dissanayake, S. Mpagama, M. C. Lipman and T. D. McHugh. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 10(1): 106 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-021-00975-y

Relational dynamics of treatment behavior among individuals with tuberculosis in high-income countries: A scoping review. (2021) Arakelyan, S., A. S. Karat, A. S. K. Jones, N. Vidal, H. R. Stagg, M. Darvell, R. Horne, M. C. I. Lipman and K. Kielmann. Patient Prefer Adherence 15: 2137-2154 https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S313633

Rifamycins: do not throw the baby out with the bathwater. Is rifampicin still an effective anti-tuberculosis drug? (2021) Brucoli, F. and D. M. T. Future Med Chem 13(24): 2129-2131 https://doi.org/10.4155/fmc-2021-0249

Risk for development of active tuberculosis in patients with chronic airway disease-a systematic review of evidence. (2021) Hamada, Y., C. J. Fong, A. Copas, J. R. Hurst and M. X. Rangaka. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trab122

Screening for tuberculosis among high-risk groups attending London emergency departments: a prospective observational study. (2021) Gupta, R. K., S. A. Lule, M. Krutikov, L. Gosce, N. Green, J. Southern, A. Imran, R. W. Aldridge, H. Kunst, M. Lipman, W. Lynn, H. Burgess, A. Rahman, D. Menezes, A. Rahman, S. Tiberi, P. J. White and I. Abubakar. Eur Respir J 57(6) https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.03831-2020

A social network approach for the study of leprosy transmission beyond the household. (2021) Kendall, C., L. Kerr, J. G. V. Miranda, S. T. Rubin de Pinho, R. F. Silva Andrade, L. C. Rodrigues, C. C. Frota, R. M. S. Mota, R. L. Freitas de Almeida, F. B. Moreira, R. B. C. Gomes, N. Alves de Almeida, L. Franca, M. A. A. Pontes, H. Goncalves, G. O. Penna, S. Buhrer-Sekula, A. Klovdahl and M. L. Barreto. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trab071

State of the evidence: a survey of global disparities in clinical trials. (2021) Marshall, I. J., V. L'Esperance, R. Marshall, J. Thomas, A. Noel-Storr, F. Soboczenski, B. Nye, A. Nenkova and B. C. Wallace. BMJ Glob Health 6(1) https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004145

Strategies for the diagnosis and management of meningitis in HIV-infected adults in resource limited settings. (2021) Bremer, M., Y. E. Kadernani, S. Wasserman, R. J. Wilkinson and A. G. Davis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 22(15): 2053-2070 https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2021.1940954

Subclinical tuberculosis disease-a review and analysis of prevalence surveys to inform definitions, burden, associations, and screening methodology. (2021) Frascella, B., A. S. Richards, B. Sossen, J. C. Emery, A. Odone, I. Law, I. Onozaki, H. Esmail and R. Houben. Clin Infect Dis 73(3): e830-e841 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1402

A systematic review of tuberculosis detection and prevention studies in prisons. (2021) Haeusler, I. L., A. Torres-Ortiz and L. Grandjean. Glob Public Health: 1-16 https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1864753

Tackling TB in migrants arriving at Europe's southern border. (2021) Gosce, L., E. Girardi, K. Allel, D. M. Cirillo, L. Barcellini, G. Stancanelli, A. Matteelli, H. Hagphrast-Bidgoli and I. Abubakar. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S28-S32 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.103

Tests for tuberculosis infection: Landscape analysis. (2021) Hamada, Y., D. M. Cirillo, A. Matteelli, A. Penn-Nicholson, M. X. Rangaka and M. Ruhwald. Eur Respir J 58(5) https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00167-2021

Tissue-resident-like CD4+ T cells secreting IL-17 control Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the human lung. (2021) Ogongo, P., L. B. Tezera, A. Ardain, S. Nhamoyebonde, D. Ramsuran, A. Singh, A. Ng'oepe, F. Karim, T. Naidoo, K. Khan, K. J. Dullabh, M. Fehlings, B. H. Lee, A. Nardin, C. S. Lindestam Arlehamn, A. Sette, S. M. Behar, A. J. Steyn, R. Madansein, H. N. Kloverpris, P. T. Elkington and A. Leslie. J Clin Invest 131(10) https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI142014

Treatment and outcome in children with tuberculous meningitis - a multi-centre Paediatric Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group study. (2021) Thee, S., R. Basu Roy, D. Blazquez-Gamero, L. Falcon-Neyra, O. Neth, A. Noguera-Julian, C. Lillo, L. Galli, E. Venturini, D. Buonsenso, F. Gotzinger, N. Martinez-Alier, S. Velizarova, F. Brinkmann, S. B. Welch, M. Tsolia, B. Santiago-Garcia, R. Schilling, M. Tebruegge, R. Kruger and T. B. M. S. G. ptbnet. Clin Infect Dis https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab982

Tuberculosis incidence in country of origin is a key determinant of the risk of active tuberculosis in people living with HIV: Data from a 30-year observational cohort study. (2021) White, H. A., H. Okhai, P. Kirwan, S. H. Rafeeq, H. Dillon, P. Hefford, M. J. Wiselka and M. Pareek. HIV Med https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13222

Tuberculosis screening among ambulatory people living with HIV: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. (2021) Dhana, A., Y. Hamada, A. P. Kengne, A. D. Kerkhoff, M. X. Rangaka, T. Kredo, A. Baddeley, C. Miller, S. Singh, Y. Hanifa, A. D. Grant, K. Fielding, D. Affolabi, C. S. Merle, A. P. Wachinou, C. Yoon, A. Cattamanchi, C. J. Hoffmann, N. Martinson, E. T. Mbu, M. S. Sander, T. T. Balcha, S. Skogmar, B. W. P. Reeve, G. Theron, G. Ndlangalavu, S. Modi, J. Cavanaugh, S. Swindells, R. E. Chaisson, F. Ahmad Khan, A. A. Howard, R. Wood, S. S. Thit, M. M. Kyi, J. Hanson, P. K. Drain, A. E. Shapiro, T. Kufa, G. Churchyard, D. T. Nguyen, E. A. Graviss, S. Bjerrum, I. S. Johansen, J. K. Gersh, D. J. Horne, S. M. LaCourse, H. A. A. Al-Darraji, A. Kamarulzaman, R. R. Kempker, N. Tukvadze, D. A. Barr, G. Meintjes and G. Maartens. Lancet Infect Dis https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00387-X

Tuberculosis: Role of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging with potential impact of neutrophil-specific tracers. (2021) More, S., M. J. Marakalala and M. Sathekge. Front Med (Lausanne) 8: 758636 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.758636

Understanding the tuberculosis granuloma: The matrix revolutions. (2021) Elkington, P., M. E. Polak, M. T. Reichmann and A. Leslie. Trends Mol Med https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2021.11.004

Use of targeted mobile X-ray screening and computer-aided detection software to identify tuberculosis among high-risk groups in Romania: descriptive results of the E-DETECT TB active case-finding project. (2021) Mahler, B., G. de Vries, R. van Hest, D. Gainaru, D. Menezes, G. Popescu, A. Story and I. Abubakar. BMJ Open 11(8): e045289 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045289

Using molecular testing and whole-genome sequencing for tuberculosis diagnosis in a low-burden setting: a cost-effectiveness analysis using transmission-dynamic modelling. (2021) Mugwagwa, T., I. Abubakar and P. J. White. Thorax 76(3): 281-291 https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-214004

Validation of differentially expressed immune biomarkers in latent and active tuberculosis by real-time PCR. (2020) Perumal, P., M. B. Abdullatif, H. N. Garlant, I. Honeyborne, M. Lipman, T. D. McHugh, J. Southern, R. Breen, G. Santis, K. Ellappan, S. V. Kumar, H. Belgode, I. Abubakar, S. Sinha, S. S. Vasan, N. Joseph and K. E. Kempsell. Front Immunol 11: 612564 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.612564

Variations in the SDN loop of class a beta-lactamases: A study of the molecular mechanism of BlaC (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) to alter the stability and catalytic activity towards antibiotic resistance of MBIs. (2021) Bhattacharya, S., V. Junghare, N. K. Pandey, S. Baidya, H. Agarwal, N. Das, A. Banerjee, D. Ghosh, P. Roy, H. K. Patra and S. Hazra. Front Microbiol 12: 710291 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.710291

Verification of tuberculosis infection among Vac mummies (18th century CE, Hungary) based on lipid biomarker profiling with a new HPLC-HESI-MS approach. (2021) Varadi, O. A., D. Rakk, O. Spekker, G. Terhes, E. Urban, W. Berthon, I. Pap, I. Szikossy, F. Maixner, A. Zink, C. Vagvolgyi, H. D. Donoghue, D. E. Minnikin, A. Szekeres and G. Palfi. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 126: 102037 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2020.102037

World Tuberculosis Day 2021 Theme - 'The Clock is Ticking' - and the world is running out of time to deliver the United Nations General Assembly commitments to End TB due to the COVID-19 pandemic. (2021) Zumla, A., J. Chakaya, M. Khan, R. Fatima, C. Wejse, S. Al-Abri, G. J. Fox, J. Nachega, N. Kapata, M. Knipper, M. Orcutt, L. Gosce, I. Abubakar, T. J. Nagu, F. Mugusi, A. K. Gordon, S. Shanmugam, N. L. Bachmann, C. Lam, V. Sintchenko, F. Rudolf, F. Amanullah, R. Kock, N. Haider, M. Lipman, M. King, M. Maeurer, D. Goletti, L. Petrone, A. Yaqoob, S. Tiberi, L. Ditiu, S. Sahu, B. Marais, A. M. Issayeva and E. Petersen. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S1-S6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.046

Xpert(R) MTB/RIF assay testing on stool for the diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary TB in Tanzania. (2021) Ainan, S., F. F. Furia, F. Mhimbira, N. P. Mnyambwa, N. Mgina, A. Zumla, S. G. Mfinanga and E. Ngadaya. Public Health Action 11(2): 75-79 https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.20.0062

"You have to change your whole life": A qualitative study of the dynamics of treatment adherence among adults with tuberculosis in the United Kingdom. (2021) Karat, A. S., A. S. K. Jones, I. Abubakar, C. N. J. Campbell, A. L. Clarke, C. S. Clarke, M. Darvell, A. T. Hill, R. Horne, H. Kunst, M. Mandelbaum, B. G. Marshall, C. McSparron, A. Rahman, H. R. Stagg, J. White, M. C. I. Lipman and K. Kielmann. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 23: 100233 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2021.100233

Zoonotic tuberculosis - The changing landscape. (2021) Kock, R., A. L. Michel, D. Yeboah-Manu, E. I. Azhar, J. B. Torrelles, S. I. Cadmus, L. Brunton, J. M. Chakaya, B. Marais, L. Mboera, Z. Rahim, N. Haider and A. Zumla. Int J Infect Dis 113 Suppl 1: S68-S72 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.091

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