STS Research Seminar: Emily Akkermans
08 March 2023, 3:00 pm–4:30 pm
Join this STS Research Seminar with Emily Akkermans
This event is free.
Event Information
Open to
- UCL staff | UCL students | UCL alumni
Availability
- Yes
Cost
- Free
Organiser
-
UCL Department of Science and Technology Studies
Location
-
1.03Malet Place Engineering Building,2 Malet PlaceLondonWC1E 7JE
The history and development of the marine chronometer
The history and development of the marine chronometer has been a topic of considerable research. Yet few studies have focused on their actual use at sea, particularly during the first half of the nineteenth century, when they came into widespread use. In this talk, I will examine the practices that were adopted by Royal Navy officers on four scientific expeditions that took place between 1819 and 1836. These are William Edward Parry’s three attempts to find a North-West Passage, William Owen’s survey of the east coast of Africa, Henry Foster’s scientific expedition in the Atlantic and Robert Fitzroy’s survey of South America and circumnavigation.
Because of their complicated and delicate mechanisms, chronometers were inherently temperamental and unreliable devices, and they responded in different ways to the unstable environment of the ship. Despite this, officers were required to use them to take and record reliable navigational and longitude measurements at sea. Part of their use thus involved the management of the instruments on board ship, the training of officers in the astronomical and mathematical concepts and procedures that underpinned their use, and instructions in how to record and manage the data that chronometers produced.
I will also pay attention to the social and institutional networks in which the users of these instruments operated, considering the role of the State, the Royal Society, and the Admiralty. As other scholars have shown, reforms within the Royal Navy during this period shaped the role of naval officers. They often turned to scientific pursuits to further their naval careers and had close associations with scientific societies. Within this context, we should not consider ‘longitude by chronometer’ as a single instrumental measurement easily achieved, but rather as a complex interaction of instruments and methods whose manipulation invoked questions of credibility and tolerance, in the instruments and in their users.
About the Speaker
Emily Akkermans
Curator of Time at Royal Museums Greenwich
Emily Akkermans is Curator of Time at Royal Museums Greenwich. She has a background in clockmaking and metals conservation and has been working with museums since 2010. Her AHRC-funded doctoral research, (awarded 2021) was a collaboration between the University of Edinburgh and Royal Museums Greenwich. The thesis, entitled ‘Chronometry and Chronometers on British Voyages of Exploration, c.1815-1836’ examined the use of timekeepers on board 19th century Royal Navy expeditions.