Premature babies become more sensitive to pain in later life
10 May 2010
Press release
Premature
babies who undergo painful treatments whilst in intensive care become more
sensitive to pain compared to healthy newborns, according to new research by
scientists at UCL.
Published
today in the journal NeuroImage, the findings suggest that pain relief should
be optimised in pre-term infants to minimise their enhanced sensitivity to pain
later in life.
During the
study premature infants who received intensive care and had been in hospital
for at least 40 days had their brain activity measured by an
electroencephalogram (EEG) whilst undergoing routine clinical heel lances to
draw blood. Their brain activity response was found to be greater than in
healthy newborns of the same age undergoing the same treatment, suggesting an
increased sensitivity to pain in the preterm group.
Similar brain activity measurements made whilst both sets of babies were gently touched on the heel showed no difference in brain activation between the groups, suggesting that this sensitisation is specific to pain rather than touch. This is important because the sense of touch is triggered by being held or cuddled, meaning that ex-premature babies can also benefit from these sensations in the same way as normal infants.
The study, which was funded by the Medical Research Council, supports previous findings that report increased sensitivity to pain in older children who were born prematurely. Scientists believe that in preterm babies the development of the brain's response to pain may be altered by experiences associated with being born prematurely.
"Our study shows that being born prematurely and undergoing intensive care affects pain processing in the infant brain. These observations may underlie the differences in pain sensitivity reported in older ex-preterm children," said Dr Rebeccah Slater, UCL Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, and lead author of the study.
"Our ability to measures brain responses to painful events will lead to a better and more informed approach to the administration of analgesia, and enable us to define optimal ways of providing pain relief in this vulnerable population," added Dr Slater.
Media contact: Clare Ryan
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