| The main mining areas for metal: |
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the first thing to be done in a workshop was the smelting
of the raw material
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copper smelting furnace in Buhen |
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| Production: | |||||
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high heat sometimes with blow pipes (from the Old Kingdom) pot bellows (from Middle Kingdom (about 2025-1700 BC)) |
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| Creating an object | |||||
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hammering hammering of sheets metal |
example: Bronze stand; situla | ||||
| casting (in open moulds in stone, shaped pottery, formed sand): | casting in sand was not used to produce whole objects, but to split the metal into smaller portions for further production | ||||
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casting was practised as early as the late Naqada II and Naqada III periods
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complex forms are made up of several sections |
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see some metal forms (moulds) |
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| Further reading | |||||
