Milli-Kelvin cooling

The milli-Kelvin temperature range is typically any temperature below 0.3 K but above or equal to 0.001K. The temperature range of interest to the cryogenics group is from 0.1 down to 0.01 Kelvin (i.e. 100 to 10 mK). 

All refrigerators need a hot end and for these refrigerators the hot end is 4K or lower.

For obtaining temperatures in the mK region there are two types of refrigerator

1. Dilution system
2. Adiabatic Demagnetisation Refrigerator (ADR).

The cryogenics research group at mssl specializes in ADRs.

A general introduction to ADRs (pdf  72Kb)

A general introduction to ADRs (pdf  72Kb)

A technical presentation on practical aspects and theory of ADRs (given at a recent cryogenics summer school) (pdf 2.98 Mb).

A technical presentation on practical aspects and theory of ADRs (given at a recent cryogenics summer school) (pdf 2.98 Mb).