Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES)

Hardware provider, Low Energy Particle Analyser, A. Johnstone Co-I (1990-1991)

Measure particles and fields in the near-Earth plasma environments and study the radiation belts.

The Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) was launched on July 25, 1990 into a geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO) for a nominal three-year mission to investigate fields, plasmas, and energetic particles inside the Earth's magnetosphere. As part of the CRRES program, the SPACERAD (Space Radiation Effects) project, managed by Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, investigated the radiation environment of the inner and outer radiation belts and measured radiation effects on state-of-the-art microelectronics devices.