Modelling for decision making
Understanding and improving how imperfect mathematical models are used to inform decisions in government, business, and the third sector.
About the project
Some existing paradigms of model use and interpretation are beginning to reveal themselves as unfit for purpose in the present age. We can see this in the roots of the financial crisis in 2008 (over-confidence in models), public discourse on the developing climate crisis (no one quite knows how to interpret different model results), and the pandemic crisis (where various models appeared to be driving policy in conflicting directions). These are not coincidental: as computers become more powerful, and models become more complex, the role of the model within the scientific process has become larger and larger and so has the power of the model to influence decision-making. Limitations and biases of the scientific approach in decision-making contexts have been studied extensively, but the specific role of mathematical models is becoming more and more important.
Funded by Dr Erica Thompson’s UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/V024426/1, 2021-2028), the overall aim of this project is to understand both mathematical and social aspects of the role of models in decision-making, and to connect these with real-world examples and case studies. The project crosses disciplinary boundaries, and also has a strong emphasis on impact and engagement with government, business and the third sector. The four case studies speak to the key societal challenges that are addressed by this work: mitigation of and adaptation to climate change, managing epidemic/pandemic response strategies, economic stability and management of the energy transition, and the need to respond to potentially-predictable humanitarian crises.
Mathematically, the aim is to develop a new, coherent framework for modelling methods and the quantification of uncertainty. But models and mathematics do not exist in a vacuum. We will also investigate the social and political context of model-making and model use, and the consequences of that context for the applicability of methods and robustness of model-based results, in particular for their use in decision support.
The results and outcomes of this project will be directly relevant to UK decision-makers in government, business and the third sector, with potential to be transformative for the use of models as decision support tools. The programme of non-academic outreach and engagement is therefore very important to this project, including outreach based around Dr Erica Thompson’s book, Escape From Model Land (Basic Books, 2022) as well as annual workshops, conferences, and an Advanced Training Course which will build the skills of UK-based early career researchers.
About the team
Dr. Erica Thompson is an Associate Professor of Modelling for Decision Making at UCL’s Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy (STEaPP), a Fellow of the London Mathematical Laboratory and a Visiting Senior Fellow at the LSE Data Science Institute.
Dr. Marina Baldissera Pacchetti is a Research Fellow in social science research on modelling for decision making at UCL STEaPP. She is also a researcher in the Earth System Services Department at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center.
Elise Pi is a policy adviser at the Policy Impact Unit. She completed her Master of Public Administration at STEaPP, and previously produced and used models for decision making in the private sector context.
