Catholic secondary schools:
instead of sending their children to state-run secondary schools, Catholics (that is, middle-class Catholics because only middle-class people could afford secondary education) preferred private Catholic schools which were managed by the Church or a religious order and which were not subject to government control or legislation. Although the language law of 1883 was therefore not applicable to Catholic secondaries, Flemish militants fought and obtained in a large number of cases greater recognition of Dutch as a subject and a language of instruction.

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