Economics and Economic Reality
Rethink economics – join our biweekly in-person debates exploring how money, value, and markets are not just measured, but made and lived in society.
Mondays 18:00–19:15PM
Registration information:
- Who can attend: This series is open to IGP and IIPP students only.
- How to register: Email angus.armstrong@ucl.ac.uk (IGP) or (IIPP) with your name and programme details.carolina.alves@ucl.ac.uk
Location:
Events in this series take place at either of the following UCL institutes (as indicated in the schedule):
- UCL Institute for Global Prosperity (IGP)
1st Floor, 9–11 Endsleigh Gardens
London, WC1H 0EH - UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose (IIPP)
11 Montague Street
London, WC1B 5BP
Each session will be followed by refreshments.
About the series:
Economists like to speak of positive economics to analyse the world as it really exists rather than being clouded by normative and messy value-laden judgements. It is a world where precise measures of goods, commodities, employment, capital and money all orbit around the gravitational pull of ‘markets’ reflecting our fundamental drive to survive and reproduce. It is said to be a system in which no person can be made better-off without making someone else worse-off and where resources are used most efficiently in a system of perpetual ever-lasting motion.
But what are these economic things, really? Positive economics implicitly assumes ontological certainty. That is, economic objects and forces exist independently of us and can be neutrally observed and measured. Yet this raises a deeper question: Do phenomena like money, value, inflation, or even welfare describe reality, or do they help constitute it? Are they like waterfalls and trees, naturally existing entities, or are they part of a socially constructed reality shaped by economic thought and practice? This is not mere philosophical musings: these categorisations shape our institutions, policies, and the rhythms of everyday life.
We can accept this worldview as given and the economic and social world views that follow. Or, and this is our invitation to you, we can question and challenge it. This biweekly series is a collective inquiry into the ontology of economics. Inspired by the tradition of the Cambridge Social Ontology Group and Professor Tony Lawson, we open this space to UCL IGP and IIIPP students to raise deep questions, challenge dominant narratives, and explore alternative perspectives on what constitutes economic reality.
You don’t need to be a philosopher or an economist to join. You just need to be curious and willing to ask the questions that have always lingered in the background of our thinking. We hope these meetings will be a useful, fun and safe learning place to really engage on some fundamental questions. They are ‘in person’ meetings only to promote debate and discussion. Each meeting will be in a friendly debate format and will close with a vote to see which arguments you found most compelling.
We ask that you commit to coming to a term of our debates so that there is continuous learning, and a comfortable and trusting environment. We will compile an email of everyone who wishes to join us on this basis. Come and join us!
Find the series programme below
| Term 1 | |
29 September 2025 IGP, Collaboration Space F3 | What is a human agency? What is so special about our ability to think and act which makes us able to harness nature to an extent far beyond any other species. |
13 October 2025 IIPP, Meeting Room G04 | What is uncertainty? To what extent is unpredictability a ubiquitous feature of reality, or to what extent might it reflect the limits of human cognition and understanding? |
27 October 2025 IGP, Collaboration Space F3 | What is knowledge? What do we mean by ‘knowledge’? Can complete knowledge exist and what might be its relation to the notion of full information in economics? |
10 November 2025 IIPP, Meeting Room G04 | What is value? If value reflects a judgment of worth, can we ever formulate a theory of value that is coherent yet context-sensitive to serve as a robust foundation for public policy? |
24 November 2025 IGP, Collaboration Space F3 | What is money? Is money an asset, a liability, a form of equity, a manifestation of debt or something else entirely? And who owns it? |
| Term 2 | |
12 January 2025 IIPP, Meeting Room G04 | What are scarce resources? To what extent are resources in face scarce? If economicsd is said to be the allocation of scarce resources to given ends, does this framing reflect reality, and does it matter? |
26 January 2026 IGP, Collaboration Space F3 | What is efficiency? what do we mean by efficiency in economics? How might different concpetions of purpose, value and wellbeing reshape what we consideer economically efficient? |
9 February 2026 IIPP, Meeting Room G04 | What is an organisation? What do we mean by organisation? Why do we often create hierarchical organisations (such as firms), what purpose do they serve and how do they function? |
23 February 2026 IGP, Collaboration Space F3 | What is technology? Technology is fundamental to economies and society, but what is technoogy and how do new technologies come into being? |
9 March 2026 IIPP, Meeting Room G04 | What is cooperation? What is cooperation? How might cooperation differ from coordination, how might we promote cooperation and what are its limits? |
Series Directors:
Associate Professor in Economics
UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose (IIPP)Dr Carolina Alves is a trained economist whose work is grounded in Latin American Structuralism, Dependency Theory, Classical Political Economy, Marxian and Kaleckian macroeconomics, and the new Cambridge tradition, especially the contributions of Joan Robinson and Tony Lawson. Positioned firmly within heterodox economics, her research explores Critical Macro-Finance, Structuralist Macroeconomics, the Decolonisation of Economics, and Heterodox Economic Theory.
Professorial Research Fellow in Rebuilding Macroeconomics
UCL Institute for Global Prosperity (IGP)I am Director of Rebuilding Macroeconomics which is a research network originally funded by the ESRC. We have over eighty Working Papers and Discussion Papers on our website and we have held over 100 public events. We interpret the macroeconomy as a system for the creation and use of knowledge. The emphasis on knowledge (in contrast to information)emphasises the importance of fundamental uncertainty as the ubiquitous context for our socio-economic system.