In an event today at the UCL Institute for Sustainable Resources (ISR) Chief Executive of the Environment Agency, Sir James Bevan said that universal access to a healthy natural environment could save the NHS billions of pounds a year in treatment costs if everyone in England had access to good quality green space.
Sir Bevan's talk was followed up by a response from Professor Joanna Chataway, Head of the Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy (STEaPP) at UCL and a Q&A session chaired by Professor of Resources and Environment Policy and Director of the UCL ISR, Professor Paul Ekins.
Sir James Bevan highlighted evidence which shows the physical and mental health benefits of good environment, and make the case for “levelling up” access to the environment as part of the green recovery from coronavirus. He also laid out the steps the Environment Agency is taking to protect and enhance our precious green and blue spaces, while adapting to the threat of a changing climate.
The speech coincided with today's publication of the Environment Agency’s ‘The State of the Environment: health, people and the environment’, which shows the green inequality in society.
The report – which brings together a wide range of evidence – finds that people living in deprived areas are not only more likely to have poorer health outcomes, they also have poorer quality environments and access to less green space. One study found that city communities with 40% or more black, Asian or ethnic minority residents have access to 11 times fewer green spaces locally than those comprising mainly white residents.
Sir James set out that:
Investing in a healthy environment is about the smartest thing we can do. It makes medical sense, because it will mean better health for all and less strain on the NHS. It makes economic sense, because it will save the NHS billions of pounds: the NHS could save an estimated £2.1 billion every year in treatment costs if everyone in England had access to good quality green space. And it makes socio-political sense, because those who live in poor environments are also those who have the worst health and the lowest incomes: levelling up the environment will also help level up everything else."
The Environment Agency’s latest ‘State of the Environment’ report highlights that while significant improvements have been made in the quality of England’s air, land and water there is still a long way to go, with:
- Air pollution still being the single biggest environmental threat to health in the UK, shortening tens of thousands of lives each year.
- Antimicrobial resistant microbes becoming more common in the environment due to contamination, meaning infectious illnesses may become harder to treat.
- Mental health conditions increasing – and can be caused or affected by pollution, flooding and climate change.
- Substantial and growing evidence for the physical and mental health benefits of spending time in the natural environment, but that children are engaging less with nature.
The World Health Organisation estimates that environmental factors like these contribute about 14% of the total burden of disease in the UK.
A recent study of over 19,000 people in England also found that those who spent two hours or more a week in or around open green spaces were significantly more likely to report good health or high wellbeing.
The Environment Agency plays a key role in protecting the environment for people’s lives and livelihoods – responding to pollution incidents, creating better places for people and wildlife, and supporting sustainable development.
The ‘State of the Environment’ report sets out the ways in which the Environment Agency is helping make the country healthier, for example by supporting angling in England including through improving fish habitats and re-stocking. Angling has been shown to have a multitude of health and social benefits, particularly for those with limited opportunities for other forms of physical exercise. Angling has double the number of participants with long-term illnesses compared to other sports.
The report also highlights the benefits to health of nature based-solutions to climate change, such as the Environment Agency’s new Warrington flood defence scheme which protects over 2,000 homes and businesses and will create reed bed habitats, plant trees, open up riverside paths, and improve the views across the river and town. The benefits from the air quality improvement, recreation and physical activity add up to over £70 million over the lifetime of the scheme.
Professor Paul Ekins OBE, Director of UCL Institute for Sustainable Resources, said:
The United Nations’ sixth Global Environment Outlook, published in 2019, was entitled ‘Healthy Planet’ Healthy People’, and this important report from the Environment Agency shows that this is as true for the UK as it is more widely. I am delighted that Sir James Bevan has chosen to launch this new publication - which gives lots of evidence of the positive effects of a healthy environment on human health - at UCL.The government’s 25 year environment plan sets out an ambition to help more people, from all backgrounds, to engage with and spend time in green and blue spaces in their everyday lives, and the government’s forthcoming Environment Bill will put the environment at the centre of policy making to ensure that we have a cleaner, greener and more resilient country for the next generation. Building on this, the Government has also recently announced a further £4 million in a two-year pilot to bring green prescribing to four urban and rural areas that have been hit the hardest by coronavirus.
Watch a recording of the webinar
Media coverage
- 'Access to nature is too middle class, Environment Agency chief warns' - i news, 8 September 2020
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