PMCH1/3

Macalister/1945, 369: `The first three [PMCH1/1, PMCH1/2, PMCH1/3] of the four stones preserved in the present church of Penmacho were discovered in taking down the old building'.

Nash-Williams/1950, 92: `Precise find-spot not recorded'.

Nash-Williams/1950, 92: `Inside church against the N. wall of nave at W. end'.

Nash-Williams/1950, 92: `Latin inscription in five lines (three on main face, two on 1. edge) reading vertically downwards'.

Huebner/1876, 48: `Venedotis cives creditur esse civis Venedotiĉ, i. e. Guenedotĉ sive Guenedotiĉ, hodiernĉ Gwynedd, ita enim apud Nennium et in Annalibus Cambriĉ regio illa appellatur. Sed quis aflirmet Venedotes sive Venedotis non fuisse viri alicuius nomen fortasse juxta sepulti, ita ut Cantiorus (Rut Cantiorius) ejus civis sive conterraneus fuisse dicatur. Vocabula duo ultima cum non in eodem lapidis latere scripta sint, peculiarem titulum esse credebant, sed recte J. Rhys (Notes, p. 10) monuit cum prioribus esse conjungenda. Licet autem verba aut ita jungere ut supra indicavi interpunctione (Cantiori. Hic jacit, Venedotis cive(s) fuit, [c]onsobrino(s) Ma[g]li magistrati). Aut etiam ita: C. hic jacit, Venedotis cives, fuit consobrinos M. m'.

Rhys/1905, 41: `There is plenty of analogy for cives and consobrinos as nominatives singular...and for instances of the final sibilant omitted, as in cive and magistrati...The conversion of magistratu~s into magistrati is also to be put down as Latin, and not as a whim of the Celtic inscriber...[discussion of names in appropriate table]...The accentuation of Venedotis I take to have been that of the Brythonic gentive Venedo~tos, which was presumably Venédo~tos; the later forms are Gwyned, `Veenedota, or N. Wales', representing a nominative Venedos or possibly Venedos, and Gwyndawt, Gwyndod, from Venedo~t-os, the alternative to Venédo~t-os...Thus the inscriber would seem to have been Brythonic rather than Goidelic'.

Nash-Williams/1950, 92--93: `Venedos is the Celtic form of the Welsh Gwynedd, the ancient name applied to NW. Wales (comprising roughly Caernarvonshire and the island of Anglesey), which was thus, as the present inscription shows, already separately identified in the sub-Roman period. Consobrinos is the popular-Latin form of the literary consobrinus. Magistrati (for magistratus), by attraction of a 4th Declension noun into the 2nd Declension, can be paralleled in inscriptions of the classical period. This is the only known instance of the occurrence in Britain of the terms civis and magistratus in an early Christian inscription. Their use in the present context is of special interest as implying the existence of an ordered system of government in NW. Wales in sub-Roman times. It is possible that an administrative district had been constituted already in the Roman period, centring on the Roman station of Caernarvon (Segontium). Mention of the civic antecedents of early Christians in their epitaphs was not usual, but parallels can be cited on contemporary inscriptions in Italy, N. Africa, and Gaul'.

Macalister/1945, 371: `The CAN at the beginning, and the NE of Venedotis, are ligatured; the D of the latter word is of large size and is reversed. The AG of MAGLI is injured by fracture. Evidently the inscription on the second face began nearer to the original end of the stone than that on the first face, as more letters are lost from the beginnings of the lines on the second'.

Nash-Williams/1950, 92: `Roman capitals, partly cut and partly picked, with two ligatures and horizontal final -I in l. 5. The D in l. 2 is reversed'.