Corpus Refs: | Huebner/1876:97 Macalister/1945:435 Nash-Williams/1950:315 RCAHMW/1925:448(i) Rhys/1905:13 |
Site: | LDYSI |
Discovery: | first mentioned, 1745 Morris, L. |
History: | Westwood/1860, 53, `During the last meeting of the Cambrian Archaeological Association at Cardigan, attention was directed to three early inscribed stones, now built into the south outer wall of the church of Llandyssilio, five miles north of Narberth, by two of our members, who had observed them a few days previously. Subsequently, I also paid these stones a visit, and took rubbings of them, which are copied in the accompanying woodcuts'. Rhys/1873, 7: `Aug. 21 -- We found ourselves this morning at Narberth Road Station whence we walked to Llandyssilio, a distance of about two miles. In the wall of the church there are three interesting stones, one with a cross and two with inscriptions on them'. Westwood/1879, 111: `This stone was recorded by Lewis (Top. Dict. Wales, under the name of the Village), and was more fully described and figured by myself in the Archaeologia Cambrensis for 1860 (pp. 53--55) from rubbings which I had recently made and from drawings sent me by the Rev. H. L. Jones'. Morris, cited in Owen/1896, 135: `In Llandyssilio churchyard in Dyvet, on a grey mountain stone...copied by Mr. D. Lewis, Pant y Benne, 1745'. RCAHMW/1925, 160: `This is mentioned by Lewis Morris in his MS. notes at the end of a copy of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Gesta Regum Britanniae, now in the British Museum...Lewis's Top. Dict. supplies the further information:-- `In 1833, it was loose against the south wall of the church; having been dug up from under a heap of rubbish, in 1827, by the vicar; a tradition of its existence had been preserved in the parish, which led to its discovery'. Macalister/1945, 415: `This and the next two stones are built into the outer face of the S. wall of the parish church'. |
Geology: | RCAHMW/1925, 160: `Structurally they are diabase stones from the slopes of Prescelly, similar to the ``blue'' stones of Stonehenge'. Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `Local diabase'. |
Dimensions: | 1.12 x 0.88 x 0.0 (converted from Macalister/1945) |
Setting: | in struct |
Location: | earliest RCAHMW/1925, 160: `Built into the south wall of the chancel'. Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `Built into church in external S. wall of nave'. Thomas/1994, 63, shows the stone still in this position. |
Form: | fragment Westwood/1860, 53: `The stone is of irregular form, 3 feet wide in the broadest part, and 3 feet 9 inches high'. Macalister/1945, 415: `Exposed face, 3' 8" x 2' 10 1/2", but of very irregular outline'. Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `Fragmentary pillar-stone. 42" h. x 37" w. x ?" t.'. |
Condition: | frgmntry , poor Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `badly flaked'.
|
Folklore: | none |
Crosses: | none |
Decorations: | no other decoration |
Westwood, J.O. (1860): | CLUTORIGI | FIL/IPA/VLINI | M/ARINILATIO Expansion: CLVTORIGI FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO Westwood/1860 53--54 reading only Westwood/1876 112 reading only |
Rhys, J. (1873): | CLVTORIGI | FIL/IPA/VLINI | M/ARINILATIO Expansion: CLVTORIGI FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO Translation: Clodri (PN), fab Peulin (PN) Merynllyd. Rhys/1873 7 reading only |
Rhys, J. (1905): | CLVTORIGI | FIL/IPA/VLINI | M/ARINILATIO Expansion: CLVTORIGI FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO Translation: The burial place of Clutorix (PN) son of Paulinus (PN) Marinus (PN) of Latium. Rhys/1905 33 reading only |
Macalister, R.A.S. (1945): | CLVTORIGI | FIL/IPA/VLINI | M/ARINILATIO Expansion: CLVTORIGI FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO Macalister/1945 415 reading only |
Nash-Williams, V.E. (1950): | CLVTORIGI | FIL/[I]PA/VLINI | M/ARINILATIO Expansion: CLVTORIGI FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO Translation: (The stone) of Clutorix (PN), son of Paulinus (PN) Marinus (PN) of Latium. Nash-Williams/1950 188 reading only |
Thomas, C. (1994): | CLUTORIGI | FILIPA/ULINI | MARINILATIO Expansion: CLUTORIGI FILI PAULINI MARINI LATIO Translation: (Monument) of Clutorigi [sic](PN), of the son of Paulinus (PN) Marinus (PN) from Latium. Thomas/1994 62--63 reading only |
Orientation: | horizontal |
Position: | S ; ind ; n/a ; undecorated Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `Latin inscription...in three lines (Fig. 205) reading horizontally (?)'. |
Incision: | inc Macalister/1945, 415: `pocked and rubbed smooth'. Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `deeply cut'. |
Date: | 400 - 533 (Nash-Williams/1950) 400 - 499 (Jackson/1953) Jackson/1953, 626, dates this stone to the fifth century. 450 - 475 (Thomas/1994) Thomas/1994, 62, 84, dates this stone to between 450 and 475. |
Language: | Latin (rcaps) |
Ling. Notes: | Westwood/1879, 112: `The meaning of the third line is doubtful. There is here no `hic jacit,' so common on these monuments, and the words of the first and second lines are in the genitive case:[2] and as probably MARINI was a second name of Paulinus, we might suppose the LATIO to be a nominative to the name of Clutorix, whose burial was doubtless here recorded. But we have so repeatedly shown this formula of the genitive case requiring the word `corpus' to be understood as wanting the nominative, that we might infer the same here also. The word LATIO has also no existence. Possibly it may be intended for LATEO, and to imply (notwithstanding the faulty Latinity and spelling) that the body of CLUTORIX was lying concealed in the adjacent grave; or, as suggested to me by the Rev. J. Hingeston, the name may have been intended to be used in the first person, I, CLUTORIX, lie here concealed (in the grave[3]). Leaving this difficult word, we must notice the name of the father of the person recorded, namely PAVLINVS, a name famous in the early religious history of the neighbourhood. [2] The Rev. D. H. Haigh insists that these names terminating in I on the Welsh stones are not in the genitive case (Journ. Kilkenny Association, September, 1858). He has surely overlooked the word `Fili,' which settles the question. [3] The grammatical errors in the Latinity of many of the Welsh stones have been repeatedly noticed in the course of this work, and will admit the suggestion of almost any amount of error'. Rhys/1905, 33: `On this one has to remark that in Irish Latinity the name Latium applied not only to the part of Italy so called, but also probably to any place called in Irish Letha and Welsh Llydaw. The latter commonly meant Brittany, but there was probably a Snowdonian locality so called where there is still a Llyn Llydaw. There may have been other Llydaws'. Macalister/1945, 415: `The sense of the last word or words in obscure (possibly territorial)'. Jackson/1953, 626, 644, 670 also discusses this stone. Thomas/1994, 66, note 35 has a good discussion of this inscription. |
Palaeography: | Rhys/1873, 7: `read, in spite of some of the letters having partly scaled off, as follows:--- CLVTORIGI FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO, which might be rendered into modern Welsh `Clodri, fab Peulin Merynllyd''. Westwood/1879, 111--112: `The inscription was read by Lewis -- LUTORICI FIL. PAULIN MARINILATIO A portion of the upper face has scaled off, the scaling commencing with the first letter, which a careful examination of the margin shows to have been a C, followed by the letters LUTORIG, and a very indistinct upright terminal I. The third letter may possibly be U. The rest of the inscription is plain, the whole being -- CLUTORIGI[1] FILI PAVLINI MARINILATIO
the second and third letters of the name Paulini are conjoined, as well as the first and second letters of the third line. The whole of the letters are rather rude Roman capitals, except the G, which is of the uncial form. They are about four inches in height. [1] Or possibly CLOTORIGI. The name is considered by Professor Rhys (Arch. Camb., 1873, p. 77) to be identified with the names Clotri (Lib. Land. pp. 168, 169) and Clodri (pp. 175, 176)'. Macalister/1945, 415: `The AV in line 2 and the MA in line 3 are ligatured...The eighteenth century transcript published in 1896 is evidently a copy of a copy, and has little authority. It adds Hic iacit after Clvtorigi, which might conceivably have been lost by fracture, though it upsets the symmetry of the lay-out of the inscription. The copyist apparently wrote the second word PAULINI, which when transcribed by himself or another was afterwards converted into PALILINI'. Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `Large Roman capitals...with two ligatures'. |
Legibility: | some Macalister/1945, 415: `in good condition on the whole, though slightly injured by scaling'. Nash-Williams/1950, 188: `badly flaked'. |
Lines: | 3 |
Carving errors: | 0 |
Doubtful: | no |
Thomas/1994, 62--63, 76, 80 provides discussion of this name and argues that Clutorigus from this stone may be identical with a Clotri in a later Dyfed regnal list.