Links
Conservation links
- CRATERRE French organisation based at the University of Grenoble concerned with new earth buildings, training and conservation.
- Terra Getty Conservation Institute. American-based organisation concerned with a broad range of issues related to conservation, one of these projects, Project Terra, is concerned with earthen architecture.
- ICCROM The International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property.
- ICOMOSThe International Council on Monuments and SitesFollow the link through to online version of their publication Monumentum which includes lots of project-based articles, and the article by Richard Hughes Techniques and Materials: Material and Structural Behaviour of Soil Constructed Walls. Monumentum, 26, No 3, September 1983 175-188. http://www.international.icomos.org/monumentum/vol26-3/index.html
Conservation Project Links
- The National Park Service website follow the link through to Cultural Resource Management Online, Volume 22 No 06. Conserving earthen architecture: details of USA-based projects.
- The Cornerstones project based in New Mexico, concerned with the restoration of adobe churches and community-based conservation projects.
General earthen architecture links (mostly new buildings)
- Earth Structures (Europe) Limited
Rammed earth builders: offer a contracting service to build rammed earth walls, from small sheds to large buildings. They also work as consultants and provide design and technical advice on all earth building. Linked to the largest earth building group in Australia, who have built hundreds of rammed earth buildings, they are also involved in research with academic institutions in the further development of earth building. - Dachverband Lehm e.V.
A German organisation promoting the culture of building in earth; the web site has good coverage of new earth projects and useful links. - Eartharchitecture.org
Useful links and updated forum covering a broad range of earthen buildings. - Little, B and Morton, T. 2001. Building with earth in Scotland:Innovative design and sustainability
This report, prepared for the Scottish Executive reviews the potential and sustainability of earth building in Scotland, particularly where earth has been used as a new building material and where historic earth buildings have been repaired.
Other Sources of Information
There are countless volumes and articles concerned, sometimes very vaguely, with the archaeology and conservation of earthen architecture.
Some of the more useful resources are:
Houben, H & Guillaud, H. 1994. Earth Conservation. A comprehensive guide. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
Rosen, A. 1986. Cities of Clay: The Geoarchaeology of Tells. Prehistoric Archaeology and Ecology. A series edited by Butzer and Freeman, University of Chicago Press.
Warren, J. 1999. Conservation of Earth Structures. Butterworth-Heinemann, London.
International Conferences
International engagement in the conservation of earthen building materials and architecture was first reflected in the series of international conferences, which were instigated by ICOMOS in the 1970’s. These conferences were intended to encourage the exchange of information, as a means to achieve greater success in the preservation efforts led by archaeologists and scientists. Over 31 years the focus of the international conferences has changed from archaeological sites, to training, to the use of chemicals in conservation, to management planning. The papers produced from these conferences reflect the type of work being carried out and the approaches to earthen architecture at an international scale. These papers and the contributions to these conferences represent the significant part of the literature and research related to the field of study.
First International Conference on the Conservation of Mud-Brick Monuments. 25th-30th November 1972, Yazd, Iran. ICOMOS.
2nd International Conference on the Conservation of Mud-Brick Monuments. 1976, Yazd, Iran. ICOMOS.
Third International Symposium on Mudbrick (adobe) Preservation, 29th September to 4th October 1980, Ankara, Turkey.
4th International Symposium on Mudbrick (adobe) Preservation, 29th September to 4th October 1980, Ankara, Turkey.
5th International Meeting of Experts on the Conservation of Earthen Architecture (Rome, 22-23 October 1987) ICCROM/CRATerre-EAG, Grenoble.
6th International Conference on the Conservation of Earthen Architecture, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA. October 14-19, 1990. Getty Conservation Institute. Los Angeles.
7th international conference of the study and conservation of earthen architecture. Silves, Portugal, 24-29 October 1993.
Terra 2000: 8th international conference on the study and conservation of earthen architecture. Preprints. Torquay, United Kingdom, 11-13 May 2000. English Heritage. London.
Terra 2000: 8th international conference on the study and conservation of earthen architecture. Postprints. Torquay, United Kingdom, 11-13 May 2000. English Heritage. London.
9th International Conference on the Study and Conservation of Earthen Architecture, Terra 2003, Yazd, Iran. 29th November – 2nd December 2003. Iranian Cultural Heritage Organisation, Tehran.
These are reviewed in: Matero, F and Cancino, C. 2002. The Conservation of earthen archaeological heritage. An assessment of recent trends. Terra 2000: 8th international conference on the study and conservation of earthen architecture. Postprints. Torquay, Devon, UK, May 2000. English Heritage. London. 11-21
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